Causes and Complications
Vitiligo occurs when melanin-forming cells (melanocytes) die or stop producing melanin — the pigment that gives your skin, hair and eyes color. The involved patches of skin become lighter or white. Doctors don't know why the cells fail or die. It may be related to:
A disorder in which your immune system attacks and destroys the melanocytes in the skin
Family history (heredity)
A trigger event, such as sunburn, stress or exposure to industrial chemicals
People with vitiligo may be at increased risk of:
Social or psychological distress
Sunburn and skin cancer
Eye problems, such as inflammation of the iris (iritis)
Hearing loss
Side effects due to treatment, such as dry skin and itching.